RLS is due to a combination of genetics, environmental factors and comorbid conditions, though a single unifying cause has not been identified. So far, research has determined:
- RLS often runs in families. This is called primary or familial RLS. Several studies have shown multiple small variations across multiple genes are associated with an increased risk of developing RLS.
- RLS sometimes appears to be a result of another condition, which, when present, worsens the underlying RLS. This is called secondary RLS.
- Anemia and low iron levels (ferritin) frequently contribute to a worsening of symptoms.
- Up to 25% of women develop RLS during pregnancy, but symptoms often disappear after giving birth.
- RLS is very common in patients requiring dialysis for end-stage renal disease.
- Damage to the nerves of the hands or feet (i.e., peripheral neuropathy) from any number of causes, including diabetes, contributes to RLS.
- Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is common in children and adults with RLS.
For more information, please refer to our Causes, Diagnosis and Treatment brochure. This resource is available in the along with other materials to help you manage RLS. Log into the Member Portal or
For more information, please refer to our Restless Legs Syndrome and Periodic Limb Movements in Children and Adolescents brochure available in the Members Only section of our website. Log into the Member Portal or Become a Member to view.